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The Moldovan referendum of 2010 was a nationwide referendum in Moldova held on 5 September on whether or not the country should amend the Constitution of Moldova to return to direct popular election of the president instead of 3/5 of total number of seats parliament vote as it is now.〔http://www.rferl.org/content/Moldovans_To_Go_To_Referendum_Early_Polls_In_The_Fall/2061327.html〕 and resulted in failure due to an insufficient turnout: 30.29% as opposed to the necessary 33% for the referendum to be considered valid.〔(Republican Constitutional Referendum of September 5, 2010 )〕 The voters are asked to answer the following question ''"Would you agree with the Constitutional amendment, which would allow the election of the President of the Republic of Moldova by the entire population?"'', voting for one of the proposed options: “Yes (for)” or “No (against)”. Of those who had cast their vote, 87.83% chose "Yes".〔 ==Background== As the constitution cannot be changed by parliamentary vote against the will of the opposition Communist Party (PCRM), which holds enough seats to block any constitutional changes by parliamentary vote, the ruling coalition decided to bypass it by holding a referendum on the question.〔(Mihai Ghimpu: We will not have early elections )〕 The new Constitution was initially adopted by the Parliament by 50+1 votes. A national referendum was then approved by a simple majority in parliament for the people to express their opinion on the new Constitution.〔〔()〕 The proposal also changed the name of the state language from "Moldovan" to "Romanian." According to Ghimpu, the Romanian language must be the official language of Moldova.〔 The Venice Commission of the Council of Europe reacted initially favorably to a proposed constitutional reform, in particular to revise the existing procedure of electing president of the republic.〔(Venice Commission in favor of constitutional reform in Moldova )〕 However, after a plenary meeting in March 2010, the Commission suggested to hold early parliamentary elections instead of conducting a constitutional referendum. The Commission also stressed that the current parliament should be dissolved after adopting the proposal for constitutional reform and that this proposal should take effect for the next parliament.〔(CE Venice Commission recommends Moldova to hold early parliamentary elections ), 16 March 2010〕 On 9 March 2010, the four leaders of the Alliance for European Integration (AEI) decided to organize the referendum before June 16, 2010 in order to adopt the 2010 constitution.〔(AEI decided: new constitution through referendum, without early elections )〕〔(Moldovan constitution to be amended per stages, with European partners' approval - PM )〕 Ghimpu stated that he was not going to dissolve the Parliament in case of defeat on September 2010.〔 (Moldova. Grandi manovre in vista del referendum costituzionale ) EuropaRussia, August 19th, 2010.〕 The opposition Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) suggested to lower the validity threshold for future presidential elections from 61 to 51, a simple majority. However, the communists insisted that this change would be in force only after the next parliamentary elections, whereas the ruling coalition wanted to introduce the changes before such elections. After negotiations with the communists have failed, the AEI used its simple majority advantage in the parliament on 7 July 2010 to pass the referendum proposal. In addition, the electoral code was amended by lowering the necessary voter turnout from 60% to 33%, reducing the effectiveness of a boycott〔Pavel Cabacenco: (Moldova, On the Threshold of Change ), 1 September 2010〕 The PCRM together with several other parties urged the voters to boycott the referendum, hoping to push the turnout below the 33% necessary for validation of the referendum’s result.〔(Moldovan Referendum: Suffers Governing Alliance Crushing Defeat ), by Vladimir Socor, Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 7 Issue: 159. 9 September 2010.〕 Moldovan citizens living abroad were allowed to participate in the referendum. The deputy prime minister, Iurie Leancă, said that 130,000 ballot papers were requested for the 78 polling stations which opened abroad, 1,600 for each of them.〔(Eleven states consent to open polling stations for Moldova's referendum )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moldovan constitutional referendum, 2010」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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